This Survey covers the petroleum industry - from the "upstream" (exploration and production) to the downstream (refining and marketing). The international integrated oil segment includes the world's major oil firms, which are involved in every aspect of the oil industry (including exploration and production, transportation, and refining and marketing) on an international scale. The domestic integrated oil segment includes US companies that explore for and develop oil and natural gas worldwide, but whose refining and marketing operations are generally US-based. The independent exploration and production segment includes independent companies (those not associated with any of the major oil companies) that find and develop oil and gas, mainly in the United States. The refining and marketing segment includes companies that refine and sell crude oil products, including gasoline, jet fuel, heating oil, motor oil, and lubricants. "Integrated Oil & Gas," "Oil & Gas Exploration & Production," and "Oil & Gas Refining, Marketing & Transportation" are GICS sub-industries in the "Energy" sector of the S&P 1500. Industry Surveys covers more than 50 of the largest and most significant US industries. The information provided for each follows the same general format: the industry's recent performance, an analysis of trends that will influence it in the future, and a broad and fundamental overview of its structure. Both text and data are provided, as are references to additional sources of industry information, including Web sites. | 
